Effects of high-hydrostatic pressure and high-pressure homogenization on the biological activity of cabbage dietary fiber.

BACKGROUND: Cabbage is one of the most economical cooked vegetables in terms of its relatively low price and high nutritional value. It is rich in dietary fiber, multivitamins, and a variety of anti-oxidants. In this study, we compared the effects of high-hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and high-pressure homogenization (HPH) treatments on changes in composition and physiological functions of cabbage dietary fiber. RESULTS: The total dietary fiber content (36.06 ± 1.65%) and nitrite ion adsorption capacity (2.37 ± 0.01 µmol·g-1 ) of HHP-treated cabbage powder were higher than those of untreated cabbage powder. The soluble dietary fiber content (36.18 ± 0.89%) and the emulsifying activity (36.18 ± 0.89%) and emulsifying stability (47.88 ± 4.35%) of HPH-treated cabbage powder were higher than those of untreated cabbage powders. The significant reduction in particle size induced by the high-pressure treatments caused differences in the properties of the treated and untreated cabbage powder samples. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis revealed that the microstructure of the HPH-treated cabbage powder changed from patches to fine granules with concave-convex markings on the surface, and that the surface area was significantly higher than that of the untreated cabbage powder. The high-pressure-treated cabbage powder has good homogeneity sensory properties after rehydration. Moreover, the changes in the properties of cabbage powder induced by the high-pressure treatments caused the cholesterol adsorption capacity and glucose dialysis retardation index of the treated cabbage powders to be higher than those of the untreated cabbage powder. CONCLUSION: In summary, high-pressure processing and micronization of cabbage can render it a multifunctional source of dietary fiber. We believe that this study provides a new method for processing and using leftover vegetables. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

A potential drug combination of omeprazole and patchouli alcohol significantly normalizes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced rat model.

Omeprazole (OME) is a representative of proton pump inhibitors and widely used in anti-ulcer treatment. However, OME may cause some inevitable side effects and the long-term consequences of OME could increase the risk of diarrhea. Patchouli Alcohol (PA), the main extract of Pogostemonis Herba, have demonstrated benefits in treating gastric ulcer (GU) with low toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the synergistically protective effects of OME and PA against ethanol-induced GU in rats to study the involvement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, the anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in H2O2-induced gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were determined, as well as the modulation of signaling proteins. The results demonstrated that PA alone or combined with OME provided remarkable benefits by reducing ulcer areas, modulating oxidant stress and inflammatory factors and the therapeutic efficacy was showed to be dose-dependent, which were partly superior to that of high-dose OME only. Additionally, co-treated regimen could superiorly down-regulate cell apoptosis and regulate the levels of oxidant activities and inflammatory cytokines on H2O2-induced GES-1 cells and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, which involved with cleaved caspase 3, Bcl-2 and BAX protein expressions and MAPK pathway. We provided a new understanding that the combination of OME and PA possessed gastroprotective effects on modulating cell apoptosis, antioxidant stress and anti-inflammatory responses against GU. Therefore, PA was inferred to take a potential and critic role in gastric mucosa protection.

The New Biomarker for Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (CESC) Based on Public Database Mining.

To reconstruct the ceRNA biological network of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) and to select an appropriate mRNA as a biomarker that could be used for CESC early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. We downloaded CESC data from the TCGA public database, and statistical analysis was conducted with the R software to find out differential expressed genes encoding for lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. The differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) screened in the ceRNA network were analyzed for survival to find the mRNAs with significantly linked to the survival prognosis. These mRNAs were searched in the Pathological Atlas to identify the final appropriate mRNAs. Differential expression analysis revealed 773 lncRNAs, 94 miRNAs, and 2466 mRNAs. Survival analysis of DEmRNAs in the ceRNA network indicated that ADGRF4, ANXA8L1, HCAR3, IRF6, and PDE2A (P < 0.05) were negatively correlated with survival time. Verification of these six DEmRNAs in the Pathology Atlas indicated that PDE2A was a possible biomarker for CESC patients. PDE2A might be a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of CESC patients, but due to the lack of available data, further studies may be needed for confirmation.